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Ryan Madson’s deal with the devil

by Dan Novick
September 30, 2009

First, a little background information on Ryan Madson. Picked in the 9th round of the 1998 amateur draft, the 17-year-old was sent to the rookie-level Appalachian League with disappointing results, but some positive signs. Despite a 4.83 ERA, he struck out almost a batter per inning with a decent walk rate. In 1999, he was sent to the short-season New York-Penn League, and his strong strikeout and walk rates regressed as he faced better competition. Anecdotically, I've found that pitchers drafted out of high school often benefit from spending their second season in the short-season NY-Penn, which is made up mostly of college draftees, as opposed to full-season leagues. These pitchers usually struggle, but then improve substantially the following season at higher levels. That is exactly what happened to Madson.

Moving to the South Atlantic League in 2000 at age 19, Madson shined. Striking out 8.2 batters per nine innings while walking just three is something to be excited about at any age, even forgetting the fact that he was young for the level. He allowed only five home runs all season in more than 135 innings (.3 per 9), aiding his 2.59 ERA. From then on, Madson proceeded to post above-average but not spectacular seasons as a starter at every minor league stop along the way.

Madson's stuff was seen as solid, but not overpowering, though. He owned a 89- to 90-mph fastball, a good changeup, and a "show-me" curveball. Raise your hand if you've heard something similar about a minor league prospect. When he was called up to the majors and placed in the bullpen, his stuff played up. His fastball gained a tick of speed, and he was able to forget about having to set hitters up. His FIP in 2004 and 2005 was 3.57 and 3.92, respectively, which is slightly above average for a reliever.

Madson the swingman


The 2006 season was a different story. The starting rotation was not kind to Madson. He was shelled to the tune of a 6.82 ERA in his first six starts of the season before moving to the bullpen for two weeks. He pitched seven innings out of the bullpen in an extra-inning affair against the Mets, giving up one run. Moved back into the rotation after that performance, he was still not up to par. His next 11 games were starts, and his 6.00 ERA in those games wasn't much of an improvement.

His confidence presumably shaken, he returned to the bullpen for the rest of the season on Aug. 2. From that point on, opponents hit .323/.372/.474 in 33.2 innings off Madson, leading to a 4.81 ERA—a few ticks below replacement level.

The next season in 2007, the Phillies had an awful rotation, but decided to keep Madson in the bullpen after witnessing his struggles as a starter.

Mr. Consistent


Relief pitchers are often categorized as the most unpredictable players in the game because of their wild swings in performance from year to year. Since his move back to the bullpen full-time in 2007, Madson has been one of the most consistent pitchers in baseball in several categories. His full-season ERA has sat between 3.05 and 3.18 and his WHIP has sat between 1.22 and 1.27. Despite throwing differing numbers of innings, his walk and home run totals have remained extremely steady as well (not that that's indicative of anything, it's just cool). In his second stint in the bullpen, he decided to scrap his curveball completely in favor of a cutter, which sits around 90 mph. While the cutter hasn't been a great pitch for him, his fastball and changeup have remained an excellent combination. Despite his changeup getting a lot of attention, it's his fastball this season that has done a lot of the talking.

If you remember from earlier in the article, I mentioned that his fastball hovered around 90 mph as a starter, and got up to around 92 out of the bullpen. That statement was only true until late 2008. Look at this chart below:

Those green dots are the average velocity of his fastball for each appearance, and the gray bars are the maximum and minimum fastball velocities for the same games. See how the green dots trend upward as the 2008 season goes along, and then they stay up around 95 throughout the 2009 season? That just doesn't happen very often. Where he used to max out around 95 or 96, now he often sits at that speed, touching 98. BIS radar gun recording confirm this jump as well. His fastball velocities from 2006 to 2009 are as follows: 90.7, 91.4, 92.9, 95.0. His first season in the league out of the bullpen, his average velocity was 90.2.

It has been reported that Madson has been doing an arm-strengthening program similar to what Jamie Moyer does, after previously not having done anything of the sort. But last I checked, Moyer was still "firing" 82 mph fastballs. However he's managed to accomplish it, Madson's story is one worth keeping an eye on (he recorded a four-out save on Monday) as the Phillies struggle to find stability in the back end of their bullpen.



Dan Novick is a lifelong Yankees fan, and still gets the chills every time Enter Sandman plays from the Yankee Stadium speakers. He welcomes comments and questions via e-mail.


Jeff Cannon Sr said...

That was a real interesting analysis (especially from a Yankees fan) but also a bit distubing from my point of view.  As a lifetime Phillies (depressing thought until recently) it pains me to even think this but would like your opinion.  In this day and age of steroids and growth hormone, do you think this progression is “clean”?  Madson has not increased in size nor has his frame been deformed like Placido Palonco’s (sp?).  But to add basically 3 mph to your fastball is not typical or normal in my opinion.  I would hate to think that the Phillies are the same as the dirtball, cheating, overrated shortstop having Yankees or the equally dirtball and cheating Red Sox.  Since your breakdown was so thorough, I would really appreciate your opinion on this.

Posted 10/06  at  11:07 AM
GrandSlamSingle said...

Madson gives credit to a physical therapist who gave him a set a shoulder-strengthening exercises:  http://www.philly.com/philly/sports/phillies/20090616_Gordon_s_advice_put_Phillies__Madson_back_on_track.html

I also remember reading that Madson tweaked the delivery of his fastball, but that article isn’t available online anymore.

Posted 10/06  at  12:38 PM
Dan Novick said...

Jeff—

I don’t think Madson is using anything illegal. The last time a blogger suggested something similar about a Phillies player (Ibanez), a bloggers vs. mainstream media war broke out. I have zero evidence that Madson was using anything.

I’m going to guess it was some kind of mechanical change or strengthening program like the second comment suggests. It’s just extremely rare for something like this to happen. Pitchers have been throwing their whole lives, so when someone adds 3 mph over a year in his mid-20s, you take notice. But I won’t go as far as saying he’s using anything.

Posted 10/06  at  12:54 PM
GrandSlamSingle said...

Hitters usually peak around age 28, and Madson turned 29 this August. Do pitchers have the same type of peak?

Posted 10/06  at  02:24 PM
Dan Novick said...

Well hitters peak is about 26 or 27, pitchers are about the same if I remember correctly. But fastball velocity for pitchers tends to peak earlier than that, in the early 20s. This is because of wear and tear on the arm decreasing velocity slowly over time.

Posted 10/06  at  02:37 PM
Jeff Cannon Sr said...

Dan -
That is exactly why I was curious, because of the Ibanez overreaction.  I would like to think that baseball players are smart enough to figure out that everyone is under suspicion in todays game.  I understand that you don’t want to (nor should you have to) go there and state a possibility of performance enhancers.  To be honest, I as a fan, find it difficult to think anyone can add 3 miles per hour on their fastball in their late 20’s.  Just like I always thought that ANY power pitcher still throwing 95+ mph heat after age 35 is more than likely getting assistance from something created in a lab.  Great job on the piece and I wish I found you guys at the beginning of the season.

Posted 10/06  at  08:10 PM
Jeff Cannon Sr said...

Also when you mentioned “mainstream media vs blogger” tussle earlier this year, I can’t help but think of the so-called mainstream media as an old man living in the 1950’s that refused to buy a television because it was just a fad and could never replace a nice elephant sized radio in the living room.  They have been rendered as a servicable niche profession that attracts people mostly because of habit.  Decent, well informed bloggers have began to fill a void created by newsreaders and agenda driven news outlets.  They are a dying breed and have nobody to blame but themselves.

Posted 10/06  at  08:20 PM
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