Sure, Ben.

Tim—I don’t know for sure, but I presume that the namee (actually numbers, which correspond to names) are tied to specific test results, and that there would not be some coding for a non-test-taker.  It would simply be a matter of figuring out the difference between eligible takers and actual takers, and then just tacking that sum onto the positive pile.

And for what it’s worth, I don’t think the White Sox or anyone else actually went through with the non-testing.

“What I always found significant about the Sosa corked bat incident is that it was prima facie evidence that he would cheat…that is, break the Rules and use forbidden methods that other players were not in order to get a competitive edge, real or imagined. Despite the rampant MLB player profiling, character is a factor in all this, and not every player will chuck his principles for better stats. Sosa would, and we knew that before his test results came out.”

I think Sheehan said it best:

“Some people continue to be surprised that highly competitive young men fighting for fame, honor, and a cut of $6 billion would do everything they could to beat the guy next to them, which is a pretty good way to make the Olympic team in Naive”

http://www.baseballprospectus.com/article.php?articleid=8487

To respond more to Will Carroll than to you, there certainly were some players on the 2002-03 Cubs whose performances raise some questions about PEDs. 

Mario Encarnacion, who played sparingly for the Cubs in 2001 and 2002, was suspended for steroids while playing in China in 2005 and later died from a heart attach at the age of 30. 

Todd Hundley was named as a Kirk Radomski customer in the Mitchell Report.  He never hit more than 16 homers in a season at any level of his career before he hit 41 in 1996 with the Mets, and then 30 a year later, and then he too got hurt and disappeared.

Fred McGriff had what appeared to be a normal career decline in production (as measured by OPS+) from his late 20’s til his mid 30’s but then had a “spike” from ages 35-38, part of which was with the Cubs, and all of which occurred at the height of the “steroid era”. 
Mark Bellhorn was a decent hitter in the minors who never did much in Oakland, but who hit 27 homers with the Cubs in 2002, and then promptly fell off the planet. 

Moises Alou showed huge fluctuations in his power numbers and batting average throughout his career, set a career high in homers at age 37 (Just like Raul Ibanez!), suffered from lots of nagging injuries, but was still hitting well into the .300’s when he was 40 years old.  And look how he yelled at Steve Bartman! That’s ‘roid rage if I ever saw it! 

Kyle Farnsworth has those huge shoulders, used to play football, and once beat the crap out of the opposing pitcher (Paul Wilson) after he had hit Wilson with a pitch.  He also tackled Jeremy Affelt after an on-field brawl had apparently been stopped.  There’s some ‘roid rage for ya! 

Obviouslyu some of this is tongue in cheek, but really, there’s stuff to question there if you just look for it.